For urinary catheters and UTI the following are false, EXCEPT:
A. 1%–2% of ambulatory patients develop UTI after single catheterisationAnswer E
Catheters provide a surface for a bacterial biofilm formation and residual urine is increased through pooling below the catheter bulb. The biofilm forms on the surface of the catheter. The daily rate of colonisation is 5%, so that by 4 weeks almost 100% are colonised with bacteria. It is estimated that all long-term catheters are colonised with at least two organisms. In the UK, UTI is the most common hospital-acquired infection accounting for 23% of all infections and the majority of these are associated with catheters.