Inhibitors of cardiac myocyte apoptosis include:
A. Insulin-like growth factor-1βInsulin-like growth factor-1β. Insulin-like growth factor-1β overexpression has been shown to be cardioprotective because of decreased apoptosis in the setting of myocardial ischemia. Dobutamine has been shown to induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Caspase 3 and Bid cleavage are cytoplasmic markers of apoptosis, but do not directly influence apoptosis itself.