Long bone fractures can be described as fitting any of the following recognized types EXCEPT:
Musculoskeletal injuries resulting from trauma include fractures of bones, damage to joints, and injuries to soft tissues. Long bone fractures can be described as transverse, oblique, spiral, segmental, or comminuted.
Goals of fracture reduction include all of the following EXCEPT:
Reduction is performed with axial traction and reversal of the mechanism of injury in order to restore length, rotation, and angulation.
Which of the following is true concerning compartment syndrome?
Compartment syndrome is an orthopedic emergency caused by significant swelling within a compartment of an injured extremity that jeopardizes blood flow to the limb. Increased pressure within the compartment compromises perfusion to muscles and can cause ischemia or necrosis. Patients complain of pain and numbness, and passive stretch of muscles within the compartment causes severe pain. While the diagnosis is based on clinical examination, pressures can be measured with needles placed into the compartment, which is necessary in unconscious patients who will not show these examination findings.
Shoulder dislocations are frequently associated with all of the following EXCEPT:
The shoulder is one of the most commonly dislocated joints and most dislocations are anterior. They are often associated with injuries to the labrum (Bankart lesion), impression fractures of the humeral head (Hill-Sachs lesion), and rotator cuff tears. Posterior dislocations are associated with seizures or electric shock. Adequate radiographs are required to diagnose a shoulder dislocation, with the axillary view being the most critical.
Which of the following is NOT a component of the elbow dislocation "Terrible Triad"?
A severe injury, known as the Terrible Triad, includes an elbow dislocation, a radial head fracture, and a coronoid fracture. These are unstable injuries and require repair of the torn lateral collateral ligament (LCL), fixation or replacement of the radial head, and possible fixation of the coronoid depending on the size of the fracture fragment.
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