Multiple Choice Questions MCQ

Question 4# Print Question

With regards to the eyes and eyelids, which statement is correct?

A. The lacrimal gland secretes tears which are bilaminar, consisting of a superficial mucoprotein layer and a deep aqueous layer

B. The lacrimal gland has three lobes

C. Tears bend incoming light before it strikes the cornea with up to 2.0 diopters of refractile power

D. The superior tarsal plate is 8-10mm in vertical height and the inferior tarsal plate is smaller at 4-6mm

E. The lacrimal sac is situated above and medial to the lateral canthus

Question 1# Which is true concerning reconstruction of the eyelids?
A. The Mustardé flap and the Tenzel flap are equivalent
B. Defects of up to 50% may be closed primarily with the addition of a canthotomy and cantholysis
C. Defects greater than 75% are unreconstructable
D. The Tripier flap is a single stage bilobed flap suitable for reconstruction of the entire lower eyelid
E. Defects of up to 75% may be closed primarily with the addition of a canthotomy and cantholysis
Defects of up to 50% may be closed primarily with the addition of a canthotomy and cantholysis. The Tripier flap is a bipedicled flap suitable for reconstruction of the anterior lamella. Subtotal eyelid defects can be reconstructed in parts, such as with chondromucosal grafts for the posterior lamella and cheek flaps for the anterior lamella. Tenzel and Mustardé described different flaps, the former being a smaller flap based around the outer canthus and the latter a cheek rotation flap.

Question 2# Frey’s syndrome:
A. Occurs in approximately 50% of patients following a submandibular gland excision
B. Occurs when parasympathetic innervation of sweat glands is replaced by sympathetic innervation to the parotid gland
C. Botulinum toxin is licensed for use in its symptomatic treatment
D. Was described by Lucja Frey-Gottesman in the 8th century
E. Is also known as Baillarger’s syndrome
Is also known as Baillarger’s syndrome. Frey’s syndrome only occurs after surgical procedures on the parotid gland. It occurs when parasympathetic fibres normally destined for the parotid reinnervate the sympathetic receptors of the sweat glands. It can be treated by botulinum toxin but currently there is no licence for this. Although Lucja Frey-Gottesman described the syndrome, it was not in the 8th century and it is also known as Baillarger’s syndrome.

Question 3# Sensory nerves to the ear include all except:
A. Auricular branch of vagus
B. Superficial temporal nerve
C. Auriculotemporal nerve
D. Lesser occipital nerve
E. Great auricular nerve

Question 5# In relation to pharyngoplasty:
A. Hynes’ procedure is a posterior wall technique
B. Orticochea described a posterior wall technique
C. Lateral wall techniques can result in snoring and respiratory obstruction
D. Inferiorly-based techniques involve elevation of a flap that is inset into the hard palate
E. Nasendoscopy with contrast medium can help assess suitability for surgery

Question 4# With regards to the eyes and eyelids, which statement is correct?
A. The lacrimal gland secretes tears which are bilaminar, consisting of a superficial mucoprotein layer and a deep aqueous layer
B. The lacrimal gland has three lobes
C. Tears bend incoming light before it strikes the cornea with up to 2.0 diopters of refractile power
D. The superior tarsal plate is 8-10mm in vertical height and the inferior tarsal plate is smaller at 4-6mm
E. The lacrimal sac is situated above and medial to the lateral canthus
The superior tarsal plate is 8-10 mm in vertical height and the inferior tarsal plate is smaller at 4-6mm. The lacrimal gland secretes a trilaminar layer of tears consisting of a deep mucoprotein layer, a middle aqueous layer and a superficial lipid layer. The lacrimal gland has two lobes, the larger orbital lobe and a smaller palpebral lobe. Tears have a refractive power of up to 0.5 diopters. The lacrimal gland is situated above and medial to the lateral canthus, whereas the lacrimal sac is medial to the medial canthus, posterior to the insertion of the canthal tendon within the lacrimal fossa.