Who was the Frenchman in charge of the Military Hospital, Val de Grace, in Paris, France, during WWI?
Morestin. Hippolyte Morestin (1869-1919) was born on Martinique and became a military surgeon. His reputation for reconstructive surgery grew in WWI when he treated soldiers from the trenches at his unit in Paris. He was visited by Gillies who set up a similar hospital in Sidcup. He died of TB. The others are all French chefs, although there was also a plastic surgeon called Escoffier.
Which German Jew, whose reputation is based on his rhinoplasty technique, avoided Hitler’s persecution in the 1930s because of his surgical skills?
Joseph. The famous Jacques Joseph (1885-1934) gained a reputation in Germany in WWI for his reconstructive skills and this probably saved him from Hitler’s clutches. He worked in the famous Berlin Orthopaedic Unit of Professor Wolff and was “sacked from one post by performing a bat ear operation”. His fame comes from his skill in rhinoplasty and his instruments are now in the Archive of the British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons (BAPRAS) at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.
In 1819, Sir Astley Cooper performed what was probably the first skin flap used to repair a defect outside the face. What did he repair with this flap?
A urethral fistula. Astley Cooper and B. Travers used a scrotal flap to close a large urethral fistula in 1819.
Which London surgeon used ‘beads and stops’ in his hypospadias repair?
Browne. Denis Browne, the paediatric surgeon from Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, used a buried skin strip like Duplay had done in the previous century and then repaired the lateral skin over it by creating an everted suture line. Instead of tying the stitches he used beads and crushable lead stops. The repair was usually accompanied by a ‘dorsal slit’ along the length of the penis to relax the suture line and was protected by a perineal urethrostomy.
Who first described the anatomical structures which cause chordee?
Paré. Amboise Paré gives a beautiful description of chordee: “the band of the ligament of the yarde is too short so that the yarde cannot become straight and is turned downwards; in these cases the generation of children is hindered, because the seed cannot be passed directly and plentifully into the wombe.” Therefore, this ligament must be removed with much dexterity.
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